JCDR - Search Back, Past Issue Volume Archive of Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Dr Mohan Z Mani

"Thank you very much for having published my article in record time.I would like to compliment you and your entire staff for your promptness, courtesy, and willingness to be customer friendly, which is quite unusual.I was given your reference by a colleague in pathology,and was able to directly phone your editorial office for clarifications.I would particularly like to thank the publication managers and the Assistant Editor who were following up my article. I would also like to thank you for adjusting the money I paid initially into payment for my modified article,and refunding the balance.
I wish all success to your journal and look forward to sending you any suitable similar article in future"

Dr Mohan Z Mani,
Professor & Head,
Department of Dermatolgy,
Believers Church Medical College,
Thiruvalla, Kerala
On Sep 2018

Prof. Somashekhar Nimbalkar

"Over the last few years, we have published our research regularly in Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. Having published in more than 20 high impact journals over the last five years including several high impact ones and reviewing articles for even more journals across my fields of interest, we value our published work in JCDR for their high standards in publishing scientific articles. The ease of submission, the rapid reviews in under a month, the high quality of their reviewers and keen attention to the final process of proofs and publication, ensure that there are no mistakes in the final article. We have been asked clarifications on several occasions and have been happy to provide them and it exemplifies the commitment to quality of the team at JCDR."

Prof. Somashekhar Nimbalkar
Head, Department of Pediatrics, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad
Chairman, Research Group, Charutar Arogya Mandal, Karamsad
National Joint Coordinator - Advanced IAP NNF NRP Program
Ex-Member, Governing Body, National Neonatology Forum, New Delhi
Ex-President - National Neonatology Forum Gujarat State Chapter
Department of Pediatrics, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat.
On Sep 2018

Dr. Kalyani R

"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research is at present a well-known Indian originated scientific journal which started with a humble beginning. I have been associated with this journal since many years. I appreciate the Editor, Dr. Hemant Jain, for his constant effort in bringing up this journal to the present status right from the scratch. The journal is multidisciplinary. It encourages in publishing the scientific articles from postgraduates and also the beginners who start their career. At the same time the journal also caters for the high quality articles from specialty and super-specialty researchers. Hence it provides a platform for the scientist and researchers to publish. The other aspect of it is, the readers get the information regarding the most recent developments in science which can be used for teaching, research, treating patients and to some extent take preventive measures against certain diseases. The journal is contributing immensely to the society at national and international level."

Dr Kalyani R
Professor and Head
Department of Pathology
Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College
Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research , Kolar, Karnataka
On Sep 2018

Dr. Saumya Navit

"As a peer-reviewed journal, the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research provides an opportunity to researchers, scientists and budding professionals to explore the developments in the field of medicine and dentistry and their varied specialities, thus extending our view on biological diversities of living species in relation to medicine.
‘Knowledge is treasure of a wise man.’ The free access of this journal provides an immense scope of learning for the both the old and the young in field of medicine and dentistry as well. The multidisciplinary nature of the journal makes it a better platform to absorb all that is being researched and developed. The publication process is systematic and professional. Online submission, publication and peer reviewing makes it a user-friendly journal.
As an experienced dentist and an academician, I proudly recommend this journal to the dental fraternity as a good quality open access platform for rapid communication of their cutting-edge research progress and discovery.
I wish JCDR a great success and I hope that journal will soar higher with the passing time."

Dr Saumya Navit
Professor and Head
Department of Pediatric Dentistry
Saraswati Dental College
Lucknow
On Sep 2018

Dr. Arunava Biswas

"My sincere attachment with JCDR as an author as well as reviewer is a learning experience . Their systematic approach in publication of article in various categories is really praiseworthy.
Their prompt and timely response to review's query and the manner in which they have set the reviewing process helps in extracting the best possible scientific writings for publication.
It's a honour and pride to be a part of the JCDR team. My very best wishes to JCDR and hope it will sparkle up above the sky as a high indexed journal in near future."

Dr. Arunava Biswas
MD, DM (Clinical Pharmacology)
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacology
Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital , Kolkata

Dr. C.S. Ramesh Babu
" Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR) is a multi-specialty medical and dental journal publishing high quality research articles in almost all branches of medicine. The quality of printing of figures and tables is excellent and comparable to any International journal. An added advantage is nominal publication charges and monthly issue of the journal and more chances of an article being accepted for publication. Moreover being a multi-specialty journal an article concerning a particular specialty has a wider reach of readers of other related specialties also. As an author and reviewer for several years I find this Journal most suitable and highly recommend this Journal."
Best regards,
C.S. Ramesh Babu,
Associate Professor of Anatomy,
Muzaffarnagar Medical College,
Muzaffarnagar.
On Aug 2018

Dr. Arundhathi. S
"Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR) is a reputed peer reviewed journal and is constantly involved in publishing high quality research articles related to medicine. Its been a great pleasure to be associated with this esteemed journal as a reviewer and as an author for a couple of years. The editorial board consists of many dedicated and reputed experts as its members and they are doing an appreciable work in guiding budding researchers. JCDR is doing a commendable job in scientific research by promoting excellent quality research & review articles and case reports & series. The reviewers provide appropriate suggestions that improve the quality of articles. I strongly recommend my fraternity to encourage JCDR by contributing their valuable research work in this widely accepted, user friendly journal. I hope my collaboration with JCDR will continue for a long time".

Dr. Arundhathi. S
MBBS, MD (Pathology),
Sanjay Gandhi institute of trauma and orthopedics,
Bengaluru.
On Aug 2018

Dr. Mamta Gupta,
"It gives me great pleasure to be associated with JCDR, since last 2-3 years. Since then I have authored, co-authored and reviewed about 25 articles in JCDR. I thank JCDR for giving me an opportunity to improve my own skills as an author and a reviewer.
It 's a multispecialty journal, publishing high quality articles. It gives a platform to the authors to publish their research work which can be available for everyone across the globe to read. The best thing about JCDR is that the full articles of all medical specialties are available as pdf/html for reading free of cost or without institutional subscription, which is not there for other journals. For those who have problem in writing manuscript or do statistical work, JCDR comes for their rescue.
The journal has a monthly publication and the articles are published quite fast. In time compared to other journals. The on-line first publication is also a great advantage and facility to review one's own articles before going to print. The response to any query and permission if required, is quite fast; this is quite commendable. I have a very good experience about seeking quick permission for quoting a photograph (Fig.) from a JCDR article for my chapter authored in an E book. I never thought it would be so easy. No hassles.
Reviewing articles is no less a pain staking process and requires in depth perception, knowledge about the topic for review. It requires time and concentration, yet I enjoy doing it. The JCDR website especially for the reviewers is quite user friendly. My suggestions for improving the journal is, more strict review process, so that only high quality articles are published. I find a a good number of articles in Obst. Gynae, hence, a new journal for this specialty titled JCDR-OG can be started. May be a bimonthly or quarterly publication to begin with. Only selected articles should find a place in it.
An yearly reward for the best article authored can also incentivize the authors. Though the process of finding the best article will be not be very easy. I do not know how reviewing process can be improved. If an article is being reviewed by two reviewers, then opinion of one can be communicated to the other or the final opinion of the editor can be communicated to the reviewer if requested for. This will help one’s reviewing skills.
My best wishes to Dr. Hemant Jain and all the editorial staff of JCDR for their untiring efforts to bring out this journal. I strongly recommend medical fraternity to publish their valuable research work in this esteemed journal, JCDR".

Dr. Mamta Gupta
Consultant
(Ex HOD Obs &Gynae, Hindu Rao Hospital and associated NDMC Medical College, Delhi)
Aug 2018

Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey

"I wish to thank Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), for asking me to write up few words.
Writing is the representation of language in a textual medium i e; into the words and sentences on paper. Quality medical manuscript writing in particular, demands not only a high-quality research, but also requires accurate and concise communication of findings and conclusions, with adherence to particular journal guidelines. In medical field whether working in teaching, private, or in corporate institution, everyone wants to excel in his / her own field and get recognised by making manuscripts publication.

Authors are the souls of any journal, and deserve much respect. To publish a journal manuscripts are needed from authors. Authors have a great responsibility for producing facts of their work in terms of number and results truthfully and an individual honesty is expected from authors in this regards. Both ways its true "No authors-No manuscripts-No journals" and "No journals–No manuscripts–No authors". Reviewing a manuscript is also a very responsible and important task of any peer-reviewed journal and to be taken seriously. It needs knowledge on the subject, sincerity, honesty and determination. Although the process of reviewing a manuscript is a time consuming task butit is expected to give one's best remarks within the time frame of the journal.
Salient features of the JCDR: It is a biomedical, multidisciplinary (including all medical and dental specialities), e-journal, with wide scope and extensive author support. At the same time, a free text of manuscript is available in HTML and PDF format. There is fast growing authorship and readership with JCDR as this can be judged by the number of articles published in it i e; in Feb 2007 of its first issue, it contained 5 articles only, and now in its recent volume published in April 2011, it contained 67 manuscripts. This e-journal is fulfilling the commitments and objectives sincerely, (as stated by Editor-in-chief in his preface to first edition) i e; to encourage physicians through the internet, especially from the developing countries who witness a spectrum of disease and acquire a wealth of knowledge to publish their experiences to benefit the medical community in patients care. I also feel that many of us have work of substance, newer ideas, adequate clinical materials but poor in medical writing and hesitation to submit the work and need help. JCDR provides authors help in this regards.
Timely publication of journal: Publication of manuscripts and bringing out the issue in time is one of the positive aspects of JCDR and is possible with strong support team in terms of peer reviewers, proof reading, language check, computer operators, etc. This is one of the great reasons for authors to submit their work with JCDR. Another best part of JCDR is "Online first Publications" facilities available for the authors. This facility not only provides the prompt publications of the manuscripts but at the same time also early availability of the manuscripts for the readers.
Indexation and online availability: Indexation transforms the journal in some sense from its local ownership to the worldwide professional community and to the public.JCDR is indexed with Embase & EMbiology, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, Chemical Abstracts Service, Journal seek Database, Indian Science Abstracts, to name few of them. Manuscriptspublished in JCDR are available on major search engines ie; google, yahoo, msn.
In the era of fast growing newer technologies, and in computer and internet friendly environment the manuscripts preparation, submission, review, revision, etc and all can be done and checked with a click from all corer of the world, at any time. Of course there is always a scope for improvement in every field and none is perfect. To progress, one needs to identify the areas of one's weakness and to strengthen them.
It is well said that "happy beginning is half done" and it fits perfectly with JCDR. It has grown considerably and I feel it has already grown up from its infancy to adolescence, achieving the status of standard online e-journal form Indian continent since its inception in Feb 2007. This had been made possible due to the efforts and the hard work put in it. The way the JCDR is improving with every new volume, with good quality original manuscripts, makes it a quality journal for readers. I must thank and congratulate Dr Hemant Jain, Editor-in-Chief JCDR and his team for their sincere efforts, dedication, and determination for making JCDR a fast growing journal.
Every one of us: authors, reviewers, editors, and publisher are responsible for enhancing the stature of the journal. I wish for a great success for JCDR."

Thanking you
With sincere regards
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey, M.S., M. Ch., FAIS
Associate Professor,
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Gandhi Medical College & Associated
Kamla Nehru & Hamidia Hospitals Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 001 (India)
E-mail: drrajendrak1@rediffmail.com
On May 11,2011

Dr. Shankar P.R.

"On looking back through my Gmail archives after being requested by the journal to write a short editorial about my experiences of publishing with the Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (JCDR), I came across an e-mail from Dr. Hemant Jain, Editor, in March 2007, which introduced the new electronic journal. The main features of the journal which were outlined in the e-mail were extensive author support, cash rewards, the peer review process, and other salient features of the journal.
Over a span of over four years, we (I and my colleagues) have published around 25 articles in the journal. In this editorial, I plan to briefly discuss my experiences of publishing with JCDR and the strengths of the journal and to finally address the areas for improvement.
My experiences of publishing with JCDR: Overall, my experiences of publishing withJCDR have been positive. The best point about the journal is that it responds to queries from the author. This may seem to be simple and not too much to ask for, but unfortunately, many journals in the subcontinent and from many developing countries do not respond or they respond with a long delay to the queries from the authors 1. The reasons could be many, including lack of optimal secretarial and other support. Another problem with many journals is the slowness of the review process. Editorial processing and peer review can take anywhere between a year to two years with some journals. Also, some journals do not keep the contributors informed about the progress of the review process. Due to the long review process, the articles can lose their relevance and topicality. A major benefit with JCDR is the timeliness and promptness of its response. In Dr Jain's e-mail which was sent to me in 2007, before the introduction of the Pre-publishing system, he had stated that he had received my submission and that he would get back to me within seven days and he did!
Most of the manuscripts are published within 3 to 4 months of their submission if they are found to be suitable after the review process. JCDR is published bimonthly and the accepted articles were usually published in the next issue. Recently, due to the increased volume of the submissions, the review process has become slower and it ?? Section can take from 4 to 6 months for the articles to be reviewed. The journal has an extensive author support system and it has recently introduced a paid expedited review process. The journal also mentions the average time for processing the manuscript under different submission systems - regular submission and expedited review.
Strengths of the journal: The journal has an online first facility in which the accepted manuscripts may be published on the website before being included in a regular issue of the journal. This cuts down the time between their acceptance and the publication. The journal is indexed in many databases, though not in PubMed. The editorial board should now take steps to index the journal in PubMed. The journal has a system of notifying readers through e-mail when a new issue is released. Also, the articles are available in both the HTML and the PDF formats. I especially like the new and colorful page format of the journal. Also, the access statistics of the articles are available. The prepublication and the manuscript tracking system are also helpful for the authors.
Areas for improvement: In certain cases, I felt that the peer review process of the manuscripts was not up to international standards and that it should be strengthened. Also, the number of manuscripts in an issue is high and it may be difficult for readers to go through all of them. The journal can consider tightening of the peer review process and increasing the quality standards for the acceptance of the manuscripts. I faced occasional problems with the online manuscript submission (Pre-publishing) system, which have to be addressed.
Overall, the publishing process with JCDR has been smooth, quick and relatively hassle free and I can recommend other authors to consider the journal as an outlet for their work."

Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
KIST Medical College, P.O. Box 14142, Kathmandu, Nepal.
E-mail: ravi.dr.shankar@gmail.com
On April 2011 Anuradha

Dear team JCDR, I would like to thank you for the very professional and polite service provided by everyone at JCDR. While i have been in the field of writing and editing for sometime, this has been my first attempt in publishing a scientific paper.Thank you for hand-holding me through the process.

Dr. Anuradha
E-mail: anuradha2nittur@gmail.com
On Jan 2020

Important Notice

Past issue

Table of Contents - Year : 2026 | Month : April | Volume : 20 | Issue : 4 XML

Select Speciality from the list below

Show All Articles Anaesthesia (26) Anatomy (8) Ayurveda (20) Biochemistry (8) Community (1) Community medicine (6) Dentistry (35) Dermatology (6) Ear,Nose and Throat (6) Education (5) Genetics (1) Health Management and Policy (2) Internal Medicine (21) Microbiology (11) Neonatology (1) Nursing (6) Nutrition (1) Obstetrics and Gynaecology (13) Oncology (7) Ophthalmology (6) Orthopaedics (1) Paediatrics (and neonatology) (19) Pathology (28) Pharmacology (5) Physiology (5) Physiotherapy (25) Psychiatry/Mental Health (4) Radiology (11) Rehabilitation (2) Surgery (13) Urology (2)

Speciality : PAEDIATRICS (AND NEONATOLOGY) (19)

Impact of Malnutrition on Morbidity and Paediatric Risk of Mortality Score among Critically-ill Children: A Prospective Observational Study SC01-SC04

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/81272.22715

T Divin Kalappa, Rajdeep Pal, Neelu Elon, Apoorva Appaso Dhulaj, Mumtaz Sharif

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Correlation Between Levels of Physical Activity and Pulmonary Functions in School-going Children of Ahmedabad, India: A Cross-sectional Study SC05-SC10

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/79985.22730

Himadri Kishorkumar Lakhani, Prasad Muley, Bhavana Gadhavi

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Serology in Cord Blood with Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination Status: A Prospective Cohort Study SC11-SC14

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/82167.22739

Sanober Wasim, Sana Gupta, Rakesh Kumar, Girish Gupta, Garima Mittal

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Evaluating the Efficacy of Racecadotril in Combination with Oral Rehydration in Children with Acute Diarrhoea: A Randomised Controlled Trial SC15-SC19

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/85008.22814

Uddhava V Kinhal, V Vidhyadhar, N Supriya

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Clinical Spectrum of Adenovirus Infection in Hospitalised Children: A Retrospective Study from Hyderabad, Telangana, India SC20-SC24

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/84947.22816

Satyanarayana Kavali, Roja Aepala, Gajanan Anil Puri, Saigautham Manikyala, Nikhil Dasari, Akhil Vajroju, Ranganathan N Iyer, Vijendra Kawle

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Anthropometric Profile of the Children Admitted to Tertiary Healthcare Centre and its Association with Maternal Education and Occupation: A Retrospective Observational Study SC25-SC29

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/78392.22828

Swati M Kamani, Rashmin Cecil, Deepali Shah, Jigar Prabhulal Thacker, Krutika Rahul Tandon, Riyakumari Vinodbhai Mistry, Dipkala Jayswal

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Association of VISmax Score with Outcome in Critically-ill Children: A Prospective Cohort Study SC30-SC32

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/77138.22954

Umesh Pandwar, Arun Kumar Kori, Nitesh Upadhyay, Jyotsna Shrivastav

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Anaemia and Haematological Profile in Children with Moderate and Severe Acute Malnutrition at a Tertiary Care Centre in Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study SC33-SC36

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/86133.22955

Ramana Gouda P Patil, Vishwanath L Machakanur, Rajkumar N Marol, MH Prakash, Manjula K Naik

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Use of Albumin in Children with Dengue Shock: A Prospective Interventional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern India SC37-SC40

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/85437.22979

V Revathi, Chandan Kumar Kalal, S Jagadeeswari

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Complete Blood Count and C-reactive Protein in Influenza Positive Children versus Influenza Negative Children Admitted at a Tertiary Care Centre: A Retrospective Observational Study SC41-SC45

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/85335.22996

Rishika Anandan, Vimalraj Vijayakumar, Sugapriya Paranjothi, R Karthick Prasaad, Balaji Chinnasami, Subash Sundar

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Smartphone Addiction and Depressive Symptoms among Urban Adolescents in India: A Cross-sectional Study SC46-SC51

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/86082.23000

K Smitha, AM Ashwin, SR Ravisha

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Clinicodemographic Profile, Risk Factors and Associated Co-morbidities in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition: An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Centre in Assam, India SC52-SC55

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/81715.23146

Kumud Pathak, Akshara M Sivan

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Diagnostic Challenge and Management Dilemma of William Syndrome: A Case Report SD01-SD03

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/77916.22696

Neha Pruthi, Neha Yadav, Dinkar Yadav, Kapil Bhalla, Neeraj Kumar

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Unique Presentation of Colpocephaly in a Preterm Triplet: A Case Report SD07-SD09

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/80563.22779

Smita Dey, Vijayalakshmi Samudi

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Skeletal Dysplasia in a Neonate with Clinical Features of Edwards Syndrome: A Case Report SD10-SD12

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/81702.22780

Ketki Giradkar, Sham Lohiya, Abhiraj Parekar

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease Presenting Clinically as Tuberculosis in a 10-Month-Old Child: A Case Report SD13-SD15

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/80606.23090

Sahibjot Singh Romana, Uday Pratap Singh, Kanav Goyal, Arnav Jagota

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Diagnostic Challenge in a TORCH-negative Infant: A Case Report of Pseudo-TORCH Syndrome SD16-SD18

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/84681.23112

Rutu Udapudi, J Jayakaviyah

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome: A Rare Paediatric Case Report SD19-SD22

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/78371.23116

Vineeta Pande, Md Owais Ali Khan, Sarita Verma, Shailaja Mane, Buddha Ganesh Kumar

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

Noonan-like Syndrome with Loose Anagen Hair Due to SHOC2 Mutation: A Case Report SD23-SD25

Published: April 1, 2026 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2026/79952.23147

Deepika Yadav, Dinkar Yadav, Jyoti Kadian, Ishita Singh, Kapil Bhalla

[ABSTRACT ] | [FULL TEXT ] | [ PDF ] | [Google Scholar]

All the research studies published were performed in accordance to the Declaration of Helsinki. Written consent was obtained from all the included subjects (or the responsible next kin), where ever applicable. In case reports or any article which includes patients images, permission was sought from the patient (or the responsible next kin) for publication. Whether or not this has been explicitly stated in the manuscript, this was declared by the authors at the time of submission of manuscript to the journal. In a rare event, if the consent could not be obtained due to loss of patient for follow up or death or loss of contact, even after reasonable effort, the editors then decided on case by case basis, weighing on the individual contribution the report will make to advancement of medical literature.