Correlation of BCL-2 and Ki-67 Expression with Clinicopathological Parameters in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Sulata M Kamath,
Department of Pathology, M S Ramaiah Nagar, Mathikere,
Bengaluru-560054, Karnataka, India.
E-mail: drsmkamath@gmail.com
Introduction: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. Despite advancements in cancer therapeutics, early diagnosis, and prognosis of OSCC remains challenging. Evaluating clinicopathological characteristics, molecular biomarkers and their expression helps comprehend biological traits and tumour behaviour, which is crucial for early diagnosis and favourable prognosis.
Aim: To evaluate the immunohistochemical expressions of B-cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and Ki-67 in OSCC and to correlate their molecular expressions with clinicopathological tumourigenic parameters.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, over a period of two years from June 2017 to May 2019 on 60 radical resection specimens of OSCC. After gross specimen examination, multiple representative tissue bits were obtained and subjected to Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and staged. Immunohistochemical detection of BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression, semi-quantitative and intensity assessment of staining was performed. Data were analysed using statistical software R-version 4.0.1. The p=0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was 57.88±13 years, and a large proportion were females (49, 81.67%). Mean BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression (%) were 24.58±11.29 and 29.5±17.21, respectively. The correlation of BCL-2 (p<0.001) and Ki-67 (p<0.001) expression with histological grades was statistically significant. The correlation of BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression with gross/ clinicopathological features was not significant. A positive moderately strong significant correlation existed between BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The BCL-2 and Ki-67 expression is independent of clinicopathological features of OSCC but is directly associated with increasing tumour grades. There is a direct moderately strong correlation between BCL-2 and Ki-67, indicating adverse clinical outcome. Their early identification is critical for effective therapeutic intervention and desirable prognosis.
B-cell lymphoma-2 protein, Immunohistochemistry, Ki-67 antigen, Oncoprotein, Oral cancer
10.7860/JCDR/2021/51369.15702
Date of Submission: Jul 13, 2021
Date of Peer Review: Aug 15, 2021
Date of Acceptance: Oct 12, 2021
Date of Publishing: Nov 01, 2021
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. Yes
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• Plagiarism X-checker: Jul 20, 2021
• Manual Googling: Oct 05, 2021
• iThenticate Software: Oct 23, 2021 (11%)
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