Association of Oral Melanosis with Soft Tissue Pathologies: A Hospital-based Observational Study
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Aadithya B Urs,
Maulana Azad Medical College Complex, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, India.
E-mail: draadithyaburs@gmail.com
Introduction: Oral pigmentation can be physiological/pathological, exogenous/endogenous. Melanin is the most important pigment responsible for normal pigmentation. Recent increasing evidence shows that melanosis occurs in many oral soft tissue pathologies.
Aim: To assess the pigmentation in various oral soft tissue lesions with that of normal oral mucosa.
Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted at Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India, for a period of six months. A total of 805 study participants were included in the study population. Among these, 605 study participants with soft tissue pathologies with or without tobacco habits were selected and 200 study participants without any pathology and habit comprised were taken as controls. Assessment of oral melanosis was done at various sites within the oral cavity. Prevalence of melanosis with oral lesions and habits was estimated using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software (version 16.0).
Results: Out of 605, 280 cases (46.28%), and out of 200, 54 controls (27%) showed melanosis which was statistically significant. Melanosis was most prevalent in men, in the age group of 21-40 years predominantly involving the buccal mucosa. Maximum cases presenting melanosis were amongst smoked tobacco users and with both tobacco habits were found in leukoplakia (37.7% and 28.3%, respectively). However, 74.2% smokeless tobacco users with melanosis showed Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Various forms of tobacco consumption commonly induce intra mucosal pigmentation which could be due to high chemical and mechanical irritation by tobacco. The study attempts to assess the overall prevalence of melanosis in study participants with pathologies and habits to understand the implications of melanosis in pathologies in the general population.
Leukoplakia, Oral lichen planus, Oral submucous fibrosis, Pigmentation, Tobacco habits
10.7860/JCDR/2021/49720.15679
Date of Submission: Apr 01, 2021
Date of Peer Review: May 20, 2021
Date of Acceptance: Jun 30, 2021
Date of Publishing: Nov 01, 2021
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: Apr 03, 2021
• Manual Googling: Jun 25, 2021
• iThenticate Software: Oct 29, 2021 (17%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
- Emerging Sources Citation Index (Web of Science, thomsonreuters)
- Index Copernicus ICV 2017: 134.54
- Academic Search Complete Database
- Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
- Embase
- EBSCOhost
- Google Scholar
- HINARI Access to Research in Health Programme
- Indian Science Abstracts (ISA)
- Journal seek Database
- Popline (reproductive health literature)
- www.omnimedicalsearch.com