Effect of Alendronate with ß – TCP Bone Substitute in Surgical Therapy of Periodontal Intra–Osseous Defects: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
ZC113-ZC117
Correspondence
Dr. Rohini Naineni,
Reader, Department of Periodontics, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences,
Hyderabad, Telangana-500045, India.
E-mail: rohininaineni@yahoo.com
Introduction: Alendronate (ALN), an aminobisphosphonate, inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and also stimulates osteogenesis. Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (ß-TCP) is an osteoconductive graft material which provides a scaffold for bone formation and also a widely used drug delivery vehicle for growth factors and antibiotics. Drug delivery vehicles, like ß-TCP, improve the potency of the drugs by specific local site delivery of the drug, optimal release characteristics and easy handling.
Aim: The aim of the this study was to evaluate the bone formation potential of 400µg ALN delivered in ß-TCP in the treatment of periodontal intra-osseous defects.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with periodontal defects were randomly assigned to 400µg ALN + ß-TCP + Saline (test) group and ß-TCP + Saline (active-control) group. Clinical parameters like Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gain, Probing Depth (PD) reduction, post-operative Gingival Recession (GR) were assessed from the baseline, 3 months and 6 months recordings. Radiographic parameters like Linear Bone Growth (LBG), Percentage Bone Fill (%BF), and change in alveolar crest height (ACH) were assessed from baseline and 6 months radiographs.
Results: Mean measurements in the ALN test group for CAL gain (3.4 ± 0.74 mm), PD reduction (4.33 ± 0.82 mm), LBG (2.88 ± 0.88 mm), and %BF (51.98 ± 15.84%) were significantly greater with a p-value <0.05 compared to the mean measurements of CAL gain (2.20 ± 0.86 mm), PD reduction (3.20 ± 1.15 mm), LBG (1.70 ± 0.39 mm), and %BF (30.35 ± 6.88%) of the control group. There was mild alveolar crestal apposition (0.32 ± 0.68 mm) in the ALN test group and mild alveolar crestal resorption (-0.24 ± 0.40 mm) in the control group.
Conclusion: 400µg ALN combined with ß-TCP bone graft material was effective in improving soft tissue parameters, inhibiting alveolar crestal resorption and enhancing bone formation, compared to ß-TCP alone.