Year :
2020
| Month :
August
| Volume :
14
| Issue :
8
| Page :
OC14 - OC18
Full Version
Clinical Manifestations and Associated Complications of Scrub Typhus in Odisha, India
Published: August 1, 2020 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2020/44908.13941
Lalatendu Mohanty, Aditya Dhanawat, Partisha Gupta, Guncha Maheshwari
1. Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
2. PG Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
3. PG Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
4. PG Resident, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.
Correspondence Address :
Dr. Aditya Dhanawat,
N/4-16, IRC Village, Infront of IRC Village Post Office, Bhubaneswar-751015, Odisha, India.
E-mail: a.dhanawat@outlook.com
Abstract
Introduction: Scrub typhus is a re-emerging illness in the South-East Asia and other parts of the world caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is a mite-borne bacterium belonging to the Rickettsiaceae family. It has varied clinical manifestations and affects multiple organ systems. In Asia, about 1 million new cases are identified annually.
Aim: The aim was to conduct a retrospective study to observe the clinical profile and complications of scrub typhus in SouthEastern India.
Materials and Methods: Clinical data of 240 patients who were 18 years of age or above, admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine and diagnosed with scrub typhus by means of IgM Enzyme-linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) was collected. Demographic profile, clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory parameters, co-infections and complications were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square test.
Results: Majority of the patients were males, between the age of 18-29 years and lived in rural areas. Forty-three (17.9%) patients were admitted in the ICU and the remaining in wards. Sixty-nine (28.8%) patients had consolidation and 11 (4.6%) had Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Twenty-one (8.8%) patients had jaundice and 76 (31.7) had hepatomegaly. Twenty-one (8.8%) patients had meningo-encephalitis and 18 (7.5%) had acute kidney injury. Twelve (5%) patients had coinfection with dengue and 8 (3.3%) had malaria.
Conclusion: This study shows wide and varied presentation of scrub typhus infection along with the course of the disease and response to the treatment. The diagnostic clues such as fever, eschar, rashes, lymphadenopathy should be kept in mind by a primary care physician as early recognition and treatment can prevent its dangerous complications and reduce the mortality due to the disease. Occurrence of co-infections should also be kept in mind for better management of the patient.
Keywords
Acute respiratory distress syndrome , Co-infections, Meningo-encephalitis, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2020/44908.13941
Date of Submission: May 03, 2020
Date of Peer Review: May 28, 2020
Date of Acceptance: Jun 06, 2020
Date of Publishing: Aug 01, 2020
AUTHOR DECLARATION:
• Financial or Other Competing Interests: None
• Was Ethics Committee Approval obtained for this study? Yes
• Was informed consent obtained from the subjects involved in the study? Yes
• For any images presented appropriate consent has been obtained from the subjects. NA
PLAGIARISM CHECKING METHODS:
• Plagiarism X-checker: May 04, 2020
• Manual Googling: Jun 06, 2020
• iThenticate Software: Jul 28, 2020 (12%)
ETYMOLOGY: Author Origin
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