Original article / research
Management and Outcomes of Vascular Complications in Lower Limb due to Diabetes: A Prospective Observational Study
PC05-PC09
Correspondence
Akanksha Yachmaneni,
Junior Resident, Department of General Surgery, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
E-mail: 1997akanksha@gmail.com
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia, leading to vascu-lar complications, including Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) and gangrene.
Aim: To assess the vascular complications in the lower limbs of diabetic patients by evaluating clinical and radiological findings and analysing treatment outcomes.
Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted among 60 diabetic patients with signs of diabetes-related vascular problems in their lower limbs at the Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi, Wardha, Maharashtra, India from July 2022 and concluding in March 2024. Angiography or Doppler ultrasonography combined with patient data collection and clinical evaluation were used to diagnose and assess patients. The collected data were analysed to identify patterns and trends in the patient population. Descrip-tive statistics were used to summarise the data, means and standard deviations, frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables by employing Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)-22 (SPSS 22.00 for Windows; SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA).
Results: The majority of patients were male subjects 52 (86.7%) and only 8 (13.3%) patients were fe-males. Mean age of male subjects included in study was 59.73±11.9 years and 59.5±15.7 years for females. An 81.7% of the study population received their diagnosis through doppler ultrasonography. Glycated Haemoglobin (HBA1c) >7 was present in 66.7% of subjects. Gangrenous changes were identified in 60% of subjects as doppler ultrasonography revealed the presence of ischaemia in all subjects. Interventional treatment was the primary ap-proach, with 90% of subjects receiving procedures like Intraarterial Thrombolysis (IAT) and stenting. However, 36.7% showed progression, requiring further intervention.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study emphasises the significance of clinical and radiological as-sessment in managing vascular complications in the lower limbs of diabetic patients. The findings suggest that interventional treatment approaches, such as IAT and stenting, are effective in managing the condition. However, a considerable proportion of patients may require further intervention, highlighting the need for close monitoring and follow-up care. The study’s results can inform clinical practice and guide treatment decisions for diabetic patients with vascular complications.