JCDR - Register at Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, ISSN - 0973 - 709X
Surgery Section DOI : 10.7860/JCDR/2014/8078.4414
Year : 2014 | Month : Jun | Volume : 8 | Issue : 6 Full Version Page : NM01 - NM02

HBV & HCV – Awareness in Acute Abdomen Emergency Cases

Hardeep Singh Gill1, Gurmanpreet Gill2, Amarjit Kaur Gill3

1Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda,India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda,India.
3Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda,India.


NAME, ADDRESS, E-MAIL ID OF THE CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Hardeep Singh Gill, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda-151001,India. Phone : 09888507626, E-mail : hardeepgill77@gmail.com
Abstract

A study was conducted on 100 cases of Acute abdomen admitted in surgery department of Govt Medical college and Rajendra Hospital, Patiala, India. Study group included patients with different abdominal emergencies, e.g. gastrointestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis etc.

Out of these, three cases were positive for HBsAg alone, one for anti Hepatitis C-Virus (HCV) alone and one was positive for both HBsAg and anti HCV.

Keywords

Introduction

Transmission of viral hepatitis from infected patients to Health Care Workers (HCWs) has been a problem for several decades. This is especially true of surgeons because of their frequent use of sharp instruments, with a greater possibility of accidental inoculation, especially from unscreened patients with bleeding, due to paucity of time [1,2].

Materials and Methods

After taking the detailed history of the patients depending upon clinical signs and symptoms, all patients were tested for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies along with other required investigations i.e. total hemogram, blood sugar, blood urea, serum electrolytes, USG & X-Ray of chest and abdomen wherever required.

HBsAg and anti HCV were detected by immunochromatographic techniques i.e. HBsAg was detected by Hepacard technique and Anti HCV was detetected by HCV tridot rapid visual test (supplied by J Mitra and Co. Ltd.)

Results

Out of 100 cases majority were operated in emergency. Out of these, five cases were positive for viral markers. Three for HBsAg alone, one for anti HCV alone and one was positive for both as shown in [Table/Fig-1].

Profile of the patients admitted in the OPD

S. No. Case no. OccupationDisease Addiction H\o Blood transfusion HBsAg positivity Anti-HCV positivity
1. 1 (HC) Business-man Hepatitis B with SAIO Drug addict - + -
2. 3 (G) Labourer Ileal volvulus with perforation Alcoholic - + -
3. 5 (JR) Farmer Jejunal perforation Drug addict - - +
4. 12 (TR) Business-man Acute on chronic liver failure Nil+ + +
5. 17 (GR) Labourer Multiple perforations in ileum & stomach Drug addict- + -

Discussion

Out of 5 positive cases, three were drug addicts, one was alcoholic and one had history of blood transfusion. Higher prevalence of HBsAg and anti HCV is reported by several workers in I.V drug abusers, alcoholics and in patients who had a history of blood transfusion [3-7].

Conclusion

So it is concluded that as HBV vaccine is available , so immunisation should be made mandatory for all HCWs who come in contact with patients and their body secretions especially the staff of emergency wards. In the absence of vaccine against HCV the risk of acquiring infection in HCWs from these patients can be minimized through the observance of universal precautions and development of safe surgical techniques

References

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